• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an electro-hydroforming enclosure (10) for forming a workpiece (50) comprising: - a discharge frame (20), comprising an internal wall (21) delimiting a discharge chamber (22) for receiving a volume of fluid, - a matrix (30), comprising a forming chamber (32) having a cavity (31) intended to be complementary to the shape that the piece must take after deformation, - an electro-discharge system -hydraulic (40), said piece (50) being intended to be positioned between the discharge chamber (22) and the forming chamber (32) before activation of said electro-hydraulic discharge system, activation of said discharge system electro-hydraulic causing the projection and deformation of the piece (50) against the cavity (31) of the forming chamber (32). According to the invention, the inner wall (21) has all or part of a coating (24) non-metallic.
    公开号:FR3031056A1
    申请号:FR1463492
    申请日:2014-12-31
    公开日:2016-07-01
    发明作者:Eran Plaut
    申请人:Adm28 SARL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of forming, and more particularly to the field of electro-hydraulic forming. The present invention relates to an electro-hydroforming enclosure, particularly for forming small parts. State of the art Hydroforming processes are generally used as manufacturing processes, especially for parts of complex shapes. They consist in using the pressure of a fluid, preferably a liquid, to carry out the plastic deformation of a sheet held in a mold. The fluid then acts on the sheet to make it fit the shape of the mold. This fluid can be pressurized in various ways. Among the existing hydroforming processes, there may be mentioned the electro-hydroforming process, known as the EHF process (from the Anglo-Saxon Electro Hydraulic Forming). This method is a very high-speed deformation forming process which is based on an electrical discharge of a high energy stored in capacitors either between two electrodes placed in a chamber filled with fluid, or in an explosive wire placed in a chamber filled with fluid. When an electric discharge is created in the fluid, a shock wave is generated in said fluid, it propagates and projects the sheet against the mold. The dynamic pressure thus generated on the sheet allows the high-speed deformation of the constituent material which is projected against the mold, thus allowing its shaping. Such a method allows the forming of sheets but also other parts made of a plastically deformable material. It is used for producing large parts, that is to say parts whose characteristic length is significantly greater than a distance between the two electrodes. Such a method has many advantages, in particular obtaining very fine details on the parts, such as, for example, engravings, the absence of springback, or even low manufacturing costs. However, one of the disadvantages resides in the cycle time required for forming a part, as shown in US Pat. No. 7,437,787. Indeed, in known manner, a forming cycle via the EHF process is broken down into several steps: - setting up the workpiece to be formed in an electrohydroforming chamber, - filling a hollow chamber in the enclosure of electro-hydroforming by a fluid, - electro-hydraulic discharge in the fluid contained in the hollow chamber, - emptying of the hollow chamber, - removal of the formed part. The steps of filling and emptying the hollow chamber represent the most time-consuming stages. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is in particular to provide an effective solution for forming parts while reducing the cycle time and guaranteeing an equivalent result. The invention thus relates to an electro-hydroforming enclosure for forming a workpiece. The electro-hydroforming enclosure for forming a workpiece comprises: a first part, called a discharge frame, comprising an internal wall delimiting a discharge chamber intended to receive a volume of fluid, a second part, said die, comprising a forming chamber having a fingerprint intended to be complementary to the shape that must take the piece after deformation, - an electro-hydraulic discharge system. The part is intended to be positioned, in this electrohydroforming chamber, between the discharge chamber and the forming chamber before activation of said electro-hydraulic discharge system, the activation of said electro-hydraulic discharge system causing the projection and deformation of the piece against the impression of the forming chamber. By activation is meant the creation, via the electro-hydraulic discharge system, of an electric discharge in the fluid in order to create a shock wave that propagates in the fluid. The discharge frame is preferably made of a high-strength material, for example a metallic material such as steel, to contain the high pressures generated during activation of the electro-hydraulic discharge system. According to the invention, the inner wall has all or part of a non-metallic coating.
    [0002] The nonmetallic coating is preferably disposed on the inner wall, around and near the electrohydraulic discharge system ports in the discharge chamber. Such a non-metallic coating advantageously avoids the formation of an electric arc between the electro-hydraulic discharge system and the inner wall. Such an electric arc could damage the inner wall, and most importantly, greatly reduce the performance of the electro-hydraulic discharge system, not forming the sheet. Thus, the dimensions of the discharge chamber can be reduced without fear of such an electric arc. The reduced dimensions of the discharge chamber then advantageously make it possible to reduce the volume of fluid necessary for filling said discharge chamber. As a result, the cycle time required to perform a forming process using such an electro-hydroforming chamber is greatly reduced and the production rate is greatly increased.
    [0003] Such an electro-hydroforming chamber is particularly suitable for producing small-sized parts, such as for example a Universal Serial Bus ("Universal Serial Bus"), embellished, for example, with fine particles. engravings. According to preferred embodiments, the invention also satisfies the following characteristics, implemented separately or in each of their technically operating combinations.
    [0004] According to preferred embodiments, to further mitigate the risk of electric arc, the coating is a coating made of an electrically insulating material. According to preferred embodiments, the electro-hydraulic discharge system comprises two electrodes for connection to an electrical energy storage unit. According to preferred embodiments, the electro-hydraulic discharge system comprises an explosive wire intended to be connected to an electrical energy storage unit. According to preferred embodiments, the electro-hydraulic discharge system comprises an explosive wire connected between two electrodes. The invention also relates to an electrohydroforming machine comprising an electro-hydroforming enclosure according to one of its embodiments and an electrical energy storage unit connected to the electro-hydraulic discharge system.
    [0005] DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES The characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly in the light of the following implementation examples, provided for illustrative purposes only and in no way limitative of the invention, with the support of FIGS. 1 to 3. 1 is a sectional view of an electroforming enclosure according to one embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2 illustrates a sectional view of an electrohydroforming enclosure according to another embodiment. Embodiment of the Invention FIG. 3 illustrates a USB key body etched by means of an electro-hydroforming enclosure according to one of the embodiments of the invention.
    [0006] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ONE EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION An electro-hydroforming enclosure 10 for forming a part 50 according to one embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIG. may be flat or, alternatively, tubular.
    [0007] The pieces can also be preformed by conventional stamping techniques. This electro-hydroforming chamber is used as part of a conventional forming process which will be recalled later. The electro-hydroforming chamber 10 is made in two parts.
    [0008] The electro-hydroforming chamber 10 comprises a first part, called the discharge frame 20, and a second part, called the matrix 30. The discharge frame 20 may represent an upper part of the electrohydroforming enclosure (according to FIG. orientation of the figures) and the matrix 30 may represent a lower portion, as illustrated in the figure. Alternatively, and without departing from the scope of the invention, it is conceivable that the discharge frame 20 represents a lower part of the electro-hydroforming enclosure (according to the orientation of the figures) and the matrix 30 represents an upper part. Also as a variant, the first part may represent a left part of the electro-hydroforming chamber (according to the orientation of the figures) and the second part may represent a right part of the electro-hydroforming chamber ( according to the orientation of the figures) or vice versa. The discharge frame 20 has an inner wall 21 delimiting a discharge chamber 22. The die 30 itself has a forming chamber 32 intended to be opposite the discharge chamber 22 when the discharge frame 20 and the matrix 30 are assembled. The discharge frame 20 and the die 30 are removable relative to each other so as to allow insertion and removal of the workpiece 50 to be formed.
    [0009] Said piece to be formed is disposed at an interface 33 between the die 30 and the discharge frame 20, and held in an airtight position. Once in position in the electrohydroforming enclosure, the part to be formed separates the forming chamber 32 from the discharge chamber 22. In the example of FIG. 1, the part to be formed is a flat-shaped part. In the example of Figure 2, the workpiece is a tubular piece. The forming chamber 32 has, facing the part to be deformed, an impression 31 corresponding to the shape that the workpiece must take after deformation.
    [0010] The discharge frame 20 and the matrix 30 are preferably made of a metallic material, for example steel, in order to have a structural strength of the respective chambers (discharge chamber 22 and forming chamber 32) and to contain the high pressures generated. At the moment of an electro-hydraulic discharge, during the forming process, the voltage during an electro-hydraulic discharge can reach several tens of kilovolts.The discharge chamber 22 is intended to be filled with a fluid incompressible, preferably a liquid, for example water A water supply conduit 23 is formed in the discharge frame 20 to allow the discharge chamber 22 to be connected to a tank (not shown) containing water. and supplying said discharge chamber 20 with water A water discharge conduit (not shown) is provided in the discharge frame 20 to allow e connecting the discharge chamber 22 to a tank and draining water out of said discharge chamber into the tank. In an alternative embodiment, the water supply duct 23 and the water discharge duct are one and the same duct allowing the supply and the emptying of the water in / out of the discharge chamber 30 to / from a single vessel. The forming chamber 32 is in turn preferably under vacuum.
    [0011] A conduit (not shown) is provided in the die 30 to allow the forming chamber 32 to be connected to a vacuum pump (not shown). However, as an alternative or in the absence of means to achieve this vacuum, it can also leave the forming chamber 32 under atmosphere and provide vents allowing the evacuation of air during the forming process. In a preferred embodiment, the electroforming enclosure 10 and the discharge chamber 22 have a substantially cylindrical geometric shape.
    [0012] However, without departing from the scope of the invention, the electro-hydroforming enclosure 10 and the discharge chamber 22 may have any geometric shape. More particularly, the discharge chamber 22 may preferably have a geometric shape such that the inner wall 21 reflects the shock wave, obtained during the electrohydraulic discharge, in the direction of the workpiece 50. For example, a upper part of the inner wall may have a conical shape, as shown in Figure 2. The electro-hydroforming chamber 10 further comprises an electro-hydraulic discharge system 40.
    [0013] In the non-limiting example illustrated in FIG. 1, the electro-hydraulic discharge system 40 has two separate electrodes 41. Each electrode 41 passes through the discharge frame 20. A first end 42 of each electrode is positioned inside. of the discharge frame 20, in the discharge chamber 22. A second end 43, placed outside the discharge frame 20, is connected, via a power cable, to an electrical energy storage unit ( not shown). Each electrode 41 is preferably covered with an envelope 44 of electrically insulating material in order to electrically isolate them from the metallic material constituting the discharge frame 20. The electrodes 41 are disposed in the electroforming enclosure 10 so as to create an inter-electrode distance d1 between the first ends 42 of the two electrodes 41. In a known manner, this inter-electrode distance d1 makes it possible to define the power of the shock wave generated during the electro-hydraulic discharge, in terms of amplitude and duration.
    [0014] Depending on the complexity of the shape to be obtained for the part to be formed and / or the material constituting the part to be formed, the inter-electrode distance d1 is increased or reduced, which modulates the energy reached during the electro-hydraulic discharge. and influences the power of the shock wave. In one embodiment, the inter-electrode distance d1 can be adjusted by conventional setting means (not shown), such as for example a nut system, as the setting operations do not damage the electrodes 41. The electrodes are also arranged with respect to the workpiece so as to maintain a distance d2 between the electro-hydraulic discharge location and the workpiece. This distance d2 contributes to the forming of the piece by direct wave. The electrical energy storage unit, to which the two electrodes 41 are connected, comprises among others at least one capacitor. The various components of the electrical energy storage unit are known to those skilled in the art in their form and operation and are not described in more detail in this specification. The electro-hydroforming enclosure assembly and the electrical energy storage unit form an electro-hydroforming machine. The inner wall 21 of the discharge frame 20 partly has a non-metallic coating 24. Preferably, the coating 24 is chosen so as to have a thickness e sufficient to eliminate the risk of arcing between the first end 42 of an electrode 41 and the metal discharge frame. In a preferred embodiment, to reduce its thickness e, the non-metallic coating 24 is made of an electrically insulating material.
    [0015] Preferably, the coating 24 is chosen from a material with a very high dielectric strength, greater than 20 kV / mm. In an exemplary embodiment, when the voltage reached during the electro-hydraulic discharge is 100kV, and the material chosen for the coating 24 has a dielectric strength of 20kV.mm-1, then the coating will have a thickness of 5mm. The coating is also subjected to stresses related to the impact of the shock wave against the inner wall. The coating has a tensile strength, preferably greater than 20 MPa.
    [0016] In preferred embodiments, the coating material is a plastic, for example: high density polyethylene (PEND); polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE); a polyamide, such as polyamide 6 (PA6); A polycarbonate (PC); - polyvinyl chloride (PVC); a polyether ether ketone (PEEK); a polyurethane (PU). In other exemplary embodiments, the coating material is a ceramic, such as, for example, porcelain. The coating may also be composed of a combination of these materials. Each electrode 41 passes through the discharge frame 20 at the non-metallic coating 24 of the inner wall 21.
    [0017] Although an electric arc can propagate by ramping along the envelope 44 of an electrode 41 and propagate towards the discharge chamber 22, the risk of electric arc at the junction of the insulators (envelope 44 of the electrode 41 and insulating coating 24 of the inner wall 21) is strongly attenuated during the electro-hydraulic discharge between the electrodes 41. Indeed, the pressure wave compresses the electrode-envelope assembly in the direction In response, the electrode-casing assembly radially deforms in expansion at the insulating coating 24. This deformation increases the contact pressure between the insulators, and closes the passage for an electric arc potential. In alternative embodiments, the inner wall is entirely covered with a single non-metallic coating or a plurality of non-metallic coatings. For example, the inner wall 21 illustrated in FIG. 2 is covered with two nonmetallic coatings 24, 25. The non-metallic coating 24, located at the two electrodes, is chosen from a material with a higher dielectric strength than the second coating 25, in order to enhance the structural and insulating nature of the discharge frame 20, close to the electro-hydraulic discharge. Such an electro-hydroforming enclosure 10, from the nonmetallic coating 24 of all or part of the inner wall 21, advantageously allows the production of a discharge chamber 22 of small volume, for example preferably less than 1 liter, more preferably less than 0.5 liter. This small volume allows rapid filling of the discharge chamber, of the order of 5 seconds. It is thus conceivable to perform several electrohydraulic discharges per minute, for example at least two electro-hydraulic discharges per minute, preferably six electro-hydraulic discharges per minute. Such an electro-hydroforming enclosure 10 is particularly suitable for producing small-sized parts, such as, for example, a USB key body 80 embellished, for example, with fine engravings 81, 25 as illustrated in FIG. 3. The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above by way of non-limiting examples and the variants mentioned. It also relates to the embodiments within the scope of the skilled person.
    [0018] In particular, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the electrohydraulic discharge system 40 may present as an alternative to the two electrodes an explosive wire 46. The explosive wire is known to those skilled in the art in its operation and will not be described in more detail in the present description. In this variant, a passage duct 26 is formed in the discharge frame 20, passing through it at the level of the non-metallic coating 24 of the inner wall 21, to allow the routing of the explosive wire 46 in the discharge chamber 22. The explosive wire 46 is preferably positioned in the center of the discharge chamber, vis-à-vis the non-metallic coating of the inner wall. The thickness of the coating 24 is also a function of the energy generated during the electro-hydraulic discharge. In another alternative embodiment, the electro-hydraulic discharge system 40 may comprise an explosive wire between two electrodes.
    [0019] In this variant, a passage duct is made in an electrode, to allow the routing of the explosive wire between the two electrodes in the discharge chamber. An example of an electro-hydraulic forming process from the electro-hydroforming enclosure 10 is now described.
    [0020] In order to form a part 50 by electro-hydroforming, the method comprises a first positioning step, in the electrohydroforming chamber 10, of the part to be formed. The piece 50, for example initially flat, is positioned between the discharge frame 20 and the die 30. The piece 50 is disposed in the electro-hydroforming enclosure 10 so as to be opposite the 31, and to separate the discharge chamber 22 from the forming chamber 32. The part is held in position and in the electro-hydroforming chamber, so as to seal the forming chamber by report to the discharge chamber.
    [0021] The process then comprises a step of filling the discharge chamber with water.
    [0022] 3031056 12 Water is introduced into the discharge chamber via the water supply conduit 23 until it is filled. The method then comprises an electrohydraulic discharge step in the fluid contained in the discharge chamber.
    [0023] One way to accomplish this step is to quickly discharge the at least one capacitor from the electrical energy storage unit. The electro-hydraulic discharge system is activated. In the variant of the electrodes, an electric arc is created between the electrodes, creating a bubble in the water.
    [0024] In the variant of the explosive wire, the wire introduced into the discharge chamber explodes by vaporization, creating a bubble in the water. This bubble collapses and releases its energy in the form of a shock wave, which propagates in the water and throws the piece against the impression of the forming chamber at very high speed (several hundred m / s) , 15 causing its deformation and formatting. The voltage reached during the discharge is of the order of a few tens of kV. In the case of tubular parts, the parts are deformed by radial expansion, instead of being deformed by stamping. At the end of this step, the piece is formed.
    [0025] The process then comprises a step of emptying the discharge chamber. Water is pumped from the discharge chamber to the tank via the water drain. The electro-hydroforming enclosure 10 is then opened at the interface 33, releasing access to the forming chamber, from which the formed part is extracted. The above description clearly illustrates that by its different features and advantages, the present invention achieves the objectives it has set for itself. In particular, it offers an electro-hydroforming chamber suitable for forming small parts. It advantageously has an inner wall having a non-metallic coating such that the dimensions of the discharge chamber can be significantly reduced, allowing a decrease in the volume of liquid required for the forming process. The cycle time is greatly reduced.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. An electro-hydroforming chamber (10) for forming a workpiece (50) comprising: a first part, said discharge frame (20), having an inner wall (21) delimiting a discharge chamber (22) for receiving a volume of fluid, a second part, called die (30), comprising a forming chamber (32) having a cavity (31) intended to be complementary to the shape that must take the piece after deformation, an electro discharge system -hydraulic (40), said piece (50) being intended to be positioned between the discharge chamber (22) and the forming chamber (32) before activation of said electro-hydraulic discharge system, activation of said discharge system electro-hydraulic driving the projection and the deformation of the piece (50) against the cavity (31) of the forming chamber (32), characterized in that the inner wall (21) has all or part of a coating (24) ) non-metallic e.
    [0002]
    The electroforming enclosure (10) of claim 1 wherein the coating (24) is a coating made of an electrically insulating material.
    [0003]
    3. Electro-hydroforming chamber (10) according to one of the preceding claims wherein the electro-hydraulic discharge system (40) comprises two electrodes (41) intended to be connected to an electrical energy storage unit.
    [0004]
    4. Electro-hydroforming chamber (10) according to one of the preceding claims wherein the electro-hydraulic discharge system (40) comprises an explosive wire for connection to an electrical energy storage unit.
    [0005]
    An electro-hydroforming machine comprising an electroforming enclosure (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and an electrical energy storage unit connected to the electro-hydraulic discharge system.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3031056B1|2017-01-20|
    EP3240649A1|2017-11-08|
    JP2018500181A|2018-01-11|
    CN107107153B|2019-10-11|
    EP3240649B1|2018-10-17|
    US10486218B2|2019-11-26|
    US20180264537A1|2018-09-20|
    JP6676641B2|2020-04-08|
    WO2016107927A1|2016-07-07|
    CN107107153A|2017-08-29|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3200626A|1961-12-26|1965-08-17|Gen Electric|Electrical explosion forming|
    US3188844A|1962-01-17|1965-06-15|Robert J Schwinghamer|Electrical discharge apparatus for forming|
    US6591649B1|1997-12-29|2003-07-15|Pulsar Welding Ltd.|Method and apparatus for pulsed discharge forming of a dish from a planar plate|
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    US20140053622A1|2012-08-21|2014-02-27|Ford Global Technologies, Llc|Method and apparatus for electro-hydraulic forming|WO2020049021A1|2018-09-05|2020-03-12|Aleris Rolled Products Germany Gmbh|Method of producing a high-energy hydroformed structure from a 2xxx-series alloy|
    WO2020049027A1|2018-09-05|2020-03-12|Aleris Rolled Products Germany Gmbh|Method of producing a high-energy hydroformed structure from a 7xxx-series alloy|
    WO2020074353A1|2018-10-08|2020-04-16|Aleris Rolled Products Germany Gmbh|Method of producing a high-energy hydroformed structure from a 7xxx-series alloy|
    WO2020200869A1|2019-04-03|2020-10-08|Aleris Rolled Products Germany Gmbh|Method of producing a high-energy hydroformed structure from a 2xxx-series alloy|US6227023B1|1998-09-16|2001-05-08|The Ohio State University|Hybrid matched tool-hydraulic forming methods|
    US7827838B2|2008-05-05|2010-11-09|Ford Global Technologies, Llc|Pulsed electro-hydraulic calibration of stamped panels|CN111774467A|2019-04-03|2020-10-16|天津天锻航空科技有限公司|Composite forming process and tool for airplane mouth frame type reinforcing plate|
    法律状态:
    2015-12-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-07-01| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20160701 |
    2016-12-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-12-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2019-12-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2020-12-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-12-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1463492A|FR3031056B1|2014-12-31|2014-12-31|ENCLOSURE FOR ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC FORMING|FR1463492A| FR3031056B1|2014-12-31|2014-12-31|ENCLOSURE FOR ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC FORMING|
    EP15820193.9A| EP3240649B1|2014-12-31|2015-12-31|Chamber for electrohydraulic forming|
    CN201580070350.8A| CN107107153B|2014-12-31|2015-12-31|Electro-hydraulic forming room|
    US15/538,644| US10486218B2|2014-12-31|2015-12-31|Chamber for electrohydraulic forming|
    PCT/EP2015/081468| WO2016107927A1|2014-12-31|2015-12-31|Chamber for electrohydraulic forming|
    JP2017534656A| JP6676641B2|2014-12-31|2015-12-31|EDM chamber|
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